Source: Mondaq

The Government of Indonesia is preparing a draft Presidential Regulation on Ethics of Artificial Intelligence dated 27 January 2026 to establish a national ethics framework for AI development, deployment, and use. The regulation covers AI Business Actors including sector actors, data providers, AI developers, AI system providers, and operators. Article 6 of the draft applies a risk-based approach by categorizing AI risks as unacceptable, high, or low. Unacceptable risks include AI uses that threaten user safety and human rights, such as real-time facial recognition in public without legal basis and public social scoring. Specific personal data categories referenced include health data, biometric data, genetic data, criminal records, children’s data, personal financial data, and other categories as determined by law, aligning with Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection.

For AI Business Actors, AI systems involving specific personal data or decisions affecting sensitive rights and interests should have stronger governance such as data protection review, bias testing, human oversight, audit trails, explainability measures, security controls, and incident response procedures. Article 9 mandates ministries, institutions, and sector actors to monitor and evaluate AI ethics implementation through self-assessments, incident reporting, sectoral reporting, and an integrated monitoring system to be developed by the relevant ministry. Article 10 exempts AI uses related to strategic national defence and security matters and non-commercial testing, development, and research from monitoring and evaluation, provided they comply with existing laws.