An article from the Robert Schuman Foundation analyzes the recently adopted European Law on Artificial Intelligence. This legislation, a pioneering effort by the EU, establishes a comprehensive framework for regulating AI technologies across member states. The law categorizes AI systems based on risk levels, imposing strict requirements on high-risk applications, especially in areas like healthcare, law enforcement, and employment. It also introduces obligations for transparency, accountability, and data governance to ensure AI systems are used ethically and safely.